Pretty Boy

A Clinical Analysis of Cloud's Psychology, Part II - Identity, Self-Concept, and Mako

This is the second part to my analysis series on Cloud's psychology, originally posted on Reddit. Reading the first part isn't necessary to understand this post, but highly encouraged. To give some background, I'm currently training in clinical diagnosis and psychotherapy to become a psychologist. I want to apply what I know to break down our understanding of Cloud in a clinical context.

Here, I'll talk about Cloud's identity, breaking it down based on how he understands himself and how it became distorted. I'll also discuss the role of mako poisoning and Jenova cells in Cloud's mental world, since I think these elements are especially hard to understand. Part of me wonders what's the point of rationalizing Cloud's mind in the context of real world psychology when Jenova is probably enough of an explanation. Still, I find it helpful to think of Cloud's identity crisis this way, especially when thinking about how he ends up healing.

Part I - Trauma, Dissociation, and Psychosis Part II - Identity, Self-Concept, and Mako [you are here] Part III - Reintegration, Tifa, and Unconditional Love

In my previous post, I made the argument that Cloud shouldn't be pathologized as someone experiencing psychosis. He is a traumatized individual who experiences dissociation in order to uphold a false identity. If Cloud experiences dissociation as a function of his identity crisis, then unraveling Cloud's identity is a crucial piece of the puzzle. Losing your sense of self is a drastic experience, and if we want to understand how Cloud's identity fell apart, we need to understand how his self-concept and experiences set up his vulnerability.

Self-Concept

Although we typically think of Cloud's identity as split between his ex-SOLDIER persona and his true self, I'm going to discuss these things within the context of self-concept. Humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers proposed that the self-concept is made up of three sub-components. Self-image is a person's mental picture of himself, which is prone to changing over time based on his self-esteem and understanding of his real self and ideal self. We know that Cloud's self-image is inaccurate at the beginning of the game due to his false ex-SOLDIER persona, which he wholeheartedly believes for a significant portion of the story.

Let's deconstruct Cloud's self-concept as it is when FFVII starts.

Ideal Self: Cloud is an ex-SOLDIER, a strong man capable of protecting those he cares about.

Real Self: Cloud is an ex-SOLDIER, a strong man capable of protecting those he cares about.

Self-Image: Cloud is an ex-SOLDIER turned mercenary. He is adept in combat and carries the pride and legacy of the First Class SOLDIER rank.

Why is Cloud's real self the same as his ideal self in this model? We know that Cloud experienced a lot of failures and was too weak to join SOLDIER. But, ex-SOLDIER Cloud is unaware of his true real self. As far as he's concerned, he achieved his goal of getting into SOLDIER and proved his strength. In this case, Cloud's real self and ideal self align, creating congruence with his self-image. The more congruent someone's self-concept is, the higher the self-esteem. Consequently, anything or anyone that reinforces this congruence will boost self-esteem. And, as we know very well, Cloud is proud of his ex-SOLDIER status from the start of FFVII and later internalizes pride from being Aerith's bodyguard, someone looked to as a protector. However, we know even Cloud's self-image here is inaccurate to his real self. The real Cloud never made it into SOLDIER and only wants to be acknowledged as strong. Neither his ideal self nor his self-image acknowledge this fact here. Back when Cloud was still aware of his real self, we saw that his self-esteem was poor.

Now, let's deconstruct Cloud's self-concept as it is prior to all of his traumatic experiences, which is right before the Nibelheim Incident.

Ideal Self: Cloud is a SOLDIER, a strong man capable of protecting those he cares about.

Real Self: Cloud is a Shinra grunt who was not strong enough to make it into SOLDIER.

Self-Image: Cloud is a Shinra grunt who never made it into SOLDIER because he was too weak. He is ashamed of his failure and does not want people in his hometown to know about it.

When Cloud failed to achieve his ideal self, he thought of himself as a failure, so much so that he couldn't bear to show his face when he returned to Nibelheim two years later. Self-esteem, which describes one's opinion of himself, relies on several components. A person's self-worth determines his perception of his individual value or worth. Self-worth is partly built by referencing how other people see you, a concept called the looking-glass self. We know that Cloud referenced other people's opinions of him during his childhood in Nibelheim. He wasn't friendly with the other children in the village, and in the OG, Tifa's father specifically didn't want Cloud near his daughter. This is also why he makes the flawed assumption that Tifa won't truly acknowledge him unless he proves his strength. We know that he aspired to become a SOLDIER was to get Tifa to notice him, so Cloud's concern over what she thinks of him shaped his ideal self. The other contributor to self-esteem is self-efficacy, or Cloud's belief in his own ability. Specifically, Cloud wants to prove his strength and capability as a protector. He equates SOLDIER to strength, so by failing to join SOLDIER and believing that he failed to protect his loved ones, Cloud's self-esteem took a turn for the worse.

With self-worth based on the negative opinions of the villagers and low self-efficacy based on his own perceived failures, Cloud's self-esteem is very low by default. Because Cloud's real self (Shinra grunt) didn't align with his ideal self (SOLDIER), he experienced incongruence, which further diminishes self-esteem and contributes to a negative self-concept. This is why he went to such drastic measures to hide his identity from Tifa and the rest of the villagers. One of the functions of the ex-SOLDIER persona, then, is to help Cloud maintain congruence within his self-concept. Not only that, but because Cloud's altered self-image was born from his ideal self, there is now a blurred line between his ideal self and real self. Rather than working to align his ideal self with his real self, he altered his beliefs about his real self to align with his ideal self. This is the reverse of what should happen; in therapy, you would be guided towards adjusting your ideal self to match more realistic expectations. Cloud needed to reject his real self in order to incorporate his ideal self as the real self, which is why the ex-SOLDIER persona looks like a delusion.

With this rejection of reality, Cloud was set up for a reckoning. When the truth of Cloud's ex-SOLDIER persona was revealed, he still wasn't able to access his real self, leaving him vulnerable to Sephiroth's manipulation. Sephiroth broke Cloud's self-image not just by creating incongruence in Cloud's self-concept, but by essentially eliminating the notion of a real self entirely. This means that Cloud's breakdown goes beyond incongruence. As far as he was concerned, Cloud no longer had a real self, therefore he no longer had any true sense of self-concept. Cloud was made to believe he was not Cloud from Nibelheim, but a hollow shell and a puppet. And this is exactly what breaks his sense of self all over again.

Jenova Cells and Mako Poisoning

I also want to take a moment to discuss the (fictional) biological agents that impacted Cloud's identity, mainly because these concepts are unique to the FFVII world. One of the main physiological problems Cloud experienced is mako poisoning. Remember that mako is made up of the souls of people in the lifestream. It's not just a natural energy source, it is literally millions of souls that make up the lifeforce of the planet. Tifa in the OG said that she literally heard "screams of anguish" surrounding her when she first fell into the lifestream. SOLDIER candidates (and Hojo's test subjects) undergo mako exposure with the hopes of obtaining enhanced physical and magical abilities that result from being imbued with the memories and knowledge of the planet. But, not just anyone can become a SOLDIER, since tolerating this much mako requires mental fortitude. Essentially, mako overwhelms a person with the souls and memories of the lifestream, therefore you must have a strong understanding of your own identity in order to tolerate large amounts of it. This suggests that a person needs a strong self-concept that can remain stable during mako exposure.

As a side note, an interesting thing about mako is that it reads very similarly to substance use. Different people have different tolerance for mako, with some being able to enjoy its benefits. Others though, are prone to succumbing to mako "addiction" as it's referred to in Crisis Core, which most often seems to result in catatonia. It seems to resemble how people in the real world can "lose themselves" to substance abuse. Of course, there's also the caveat that overexposure to mako can mutate humans and animals into monsters, so there's arguably some radioactive properties present as well. This isn't surprising, since one of the focuses of FFVII is environmentalism and the consequences of tampering with nature. Mako is such a fascinating phenomena in how it combines recreational, radioactive, and terrestrial/spiritual elements into an energy source of all things.

Unfortunately for 16 year old Cloud, since he had poor self-esteem and incongruence between his real self and ideal self, he had a weakened self-concept at the time Hojo got his hands on him. It's likely that Cloud's inability to tolerate mako is part of the reason he couldn't become a SOLDIER or withstand Hojo's experimentation, metaphorically representing how SOLDIERs need mental strength as well as physical strength. Not only that, but Cloud experienced mako poisoning on two occasions: once after Zack broke him out of Hojo's laboratory, and once after he first emerged in Mideel from the lifestream. Each time Cloud experienced mako poisoning, he was rendered catatonic and unresponsive, with his sense of self left in a vulnerable state. If we work off of the premise that mako is literally made up of the souls of the planet, one of the reasons that Cloud's self of sense was shattered was because of the overwhelming amount of memories that he was subjected to during mako exposure. His sense of self was literally torn apart, becoming lost among millions of other souls. Mako poisoning helped set the stage for the ex-SOLDIER persona to take shape, since it left him in a highly vulnerable state that is easily subject to Jenova's influence. Plus, if we equate mako tolerance to mental fortitude, this explains why after Cloud emerges from the lifestream for the third and final time, he didn't become catatonic a third time. By this point, he has regained his identity and his self-concept is strong enough to remain intact.

The other factor in the mix is Jenova, the primary source of supernatural conflict in the world of FFVII. According to the Dirge of Cerberus Complete Guide, Jenova is capable of reading "the memories and feelings of the people on the surface." This primarily refers to how it can mimic other people and begins, but we also know that Jenova is extremely attuned to the mental worlds of humans. It is capable of looking at people's thoughts, which it uses to manipulate them. Additionally, the Crisis Core Complete Guide says that "mentally weak people are unable to withstand Jenova's will, and it sometimes brings about mental abnormalities." I believe this is the basis of the Jenova Reunion Theory. This explains why Jenova's will is so powerful, which in turn seems to explain the Reunion theory. Again, all of this supports the notion that becoming a SOLDIER requires a good deal of mental strength.

Jenova explains why Cloud specifically took on Zack's memories as his own. Jenova's powers revolve around illusion and manipulation. Presumably, between the time that Zack died and the time Tifa stumbles across Cloud, Jenova has been taking advantage of Cloud's mental fragility by warping his memories. Jenova took memories from the dying Zack to mess with Cloud, consistent with what Sephiroth said. However, the brilliant part of this manipulation is that Sephiroth was also able to convince Tifa that her memories helped fabricate ex-SOLDIER Cloud, which is not quite true, but also not quite a lie. Tifa's presence likely kicked Cloud's ideal self into gear and presented further motivation to take on the ex-SOLDIER persona. Her uncertainty of her memories is the final piece that shatters Cloud's certainty of his own identity. Sephiroth may have been the one to explicitly accuse Cloud of never being a real person, but Jenova figuratively opened the door for him.

The Birth of the Ex-SOLDIER

Between the moment that Cloud watched Zack take his final stand and the moment Tifa finds him at the Sector 7 train station, Cloud experienced a severe mental metamorphosis that was strong enough to distort his fundamental understanding of who he is. What's unique about Cloud's experience is how a cocktail of influences converged into the perfect storm to break down and chaotically rebuild him.

All of these elements come together to explain how Cloud's ex-SOLDIER persona came to be. Cloud's self-esteem has been continuously beaten down over his entire life by a pattern of perceived failures. By the time he returns to Nibelheim at sixteen years old, he has such a poor self-image that he can't even bear to show his face to Tifa. He then goes through three deeply traumatizing experiences that essentially occurred back to back, as far as his conscious memory is concerned. The combination of psychological trauma and insecurity is what primed Cloud's sense of self to fall apart to mako poisoning, opening the gateway for dissociation from his own identity. His final unraveling was Zack's death, which broke down his self-esteem since he was helpless to do anything but watch Zack's demise. The Jenova cells then used Cloud's ideal self and his memories of Zack to manifest a false self-image that Cloud's mind desperately grabbed onto. He was further inspired by his promise to protect Tifa and his promise to be Zack's living legacy, which is what brings us to the ex-SOLDIER story that could fulfill both promises at once.

The ex-SOLDIER persona is ultimately a coping mechanism designed to protect Cloud's real self, which needed to process the intense trauma he experienced and deal with overwhelming feelings of despair, grief, and failure. His real self dissociated from the conscience and became suppressed, marking a departure from reality. Because Cloud's sense of self was inaccurate and he could no longer consciously access his real self, it left him vulnerable to Jenova and Sephiroth's deception later on, allowing them to deceive and manipulate him.

Based on what we currently know about Rebirth, it's very possible that Cloud's identity crisis will no longer play out the same way. For one, it's unclear if Cloud learns about Zack earlier, and if his identity remains intact even after learning about him. It's also unclear if Tifa will react differently to Cloud's recollection of the Nibelheim Incident. I believe though that all that is needed to retain the same story progression is (1) a fragile self-concept and (2) Tifa's uncertainty. As long as those two elements are preserved, I think it's still possible to reach the same destination even with some variations in the plot.

Part III will cover Cloud's recovery from his breakdown and will focus on the process of reintegrating a shattered identity.

“But that’s all right. As long as I’m with you… As long as you’re by my side… I won’t give up even if I’m scared.”

 (Pic on pixiv: みなと)

This panel's a good reminder..

FFVII Remake Easter Eggs and compilation continuity - Part 7: OG FINAL FANTASY VII

ELEMENTS ORIGINALLY SHOWED AFTER THE MIDGAR SECTION & VISIONS OF THE FUTURE

CAIT SITH

This character didn’t show up until the group reached the Gold Saucer. In the Remake he witnesses the plate fall.

YUFFIE

In the OG Yuffie could only be recruited after visiting the Mythril Mines and nothing hints she had ever been in Midgar before. Now she is the protagonist of Intermission, spending a whole day in Midgar, getting to see Barret’s cell and infiltrating in Shinra HQ thanks to Avalanche. Some main points of this character have already been shown like the rivalry between her and her father, some details of the Wutai war and even her motion sickness.

ROMANTIC RUDE

In the OG Rude confessed Reno that he liked Tifa. In the Remake, when he spotted her on the Sector 7 pillar, he deviated the chopper to prevent Reno from killing her.

Reno: Dammit! You wanna explain yourself, partner?

Rude: Uh... Hand slipped.

PALMER’S TEA

In the original, at Cid’s house, Palmer asked for some tea with “sugar, honey and lard”. In the Remake he walks in the corridor of Shinra HQ with a cup of tea, complaining that he ran out of butter (though in Japanese it’s still “lard”).

Oh dear, oh dear... A man of my refined tastes running out of butter! Shorn of its proper accompainment, this tea...might as well be boiled pond water!

BLACK-CAPED MEN

In the original there was just one clone in Midgar, in Sector 5, and he wasn’t wearing the black cape yet, while in the Remake they can be met also in Midgar. 

The Remake also confirms that also some former SOLDIERs can turn into caped men, something that the OG revealed only in an optional scene in Junon.

OG: I used to be in SOLDIER. Lately I’ve felt like dressing up like this...

Remake: My dad told me that that man, he used to be a SOLDIER when he was younger. I heard he came back because he got sick or something. Isn't that kinda weird? Can SOLDIERs even get sick?

This concept is further - more openly - reiterated also in Intermission:

Nayo: Mako poisoning. That's what happens if you don't make the grade as a SOLDIER...or when the military's done using you.

REUNION

When Cloud attacks Marco believing he’s Sephiroth he has a vision of the Reunion at Whirlwind Maze.

BARRET’S PAST

In the Remake Barret mentions the day he survived from the destruction of his home town, while in the original this happened one the group arrived in Corel.

Wouldn't be the first time I spit in destiny's eye. Whether you can see the seams or you can't...doesn't change that she's always trying to have it her way.

JENOVA

In the original game the first fight against Jenova took place on the Cargo ship, while in the Remake the group fights it in Chapter 17. 

Note: the first form of Jenova in the original was called Jenova∙BIRTH (followed later by Jenova∙LIFE, Jenova∙DEATH and Jenova∙SYNTHESIS). In Remake it is called Dreamweaver, referring to its ability to project illusions, while the Japanese sticks to the original calling it Jenova Beat, hinting to the prenatal heartbeat of fetuses. 

LIFESTREAM

During the presentation at Cosmo theatre (an allusion itself to Cosmo Canyion) the group can see a depiction of the Lifestream flowing throughout the Planet. In the original this only happened at the very end when Aerith summoned it. 

MATERIA

During the aforementioned presentation it was explained how the Ancients were able to create Materia with condensed Lifestream, while in the original it was explained during the flashback in Kalm.

7R: In the distant past, our planet was home to a people we call the Ancients. Many millennia before we discovered mako, these precursors were already pioneering its use. Somehow they learned of the great reservoir of energy pulsing beneath their feet. And once they had...the Ancients developed the means to harness this bountiful energy and bend it to their will. The fruits of their labors have survived to this very day in the form of certain kinds of materia.

OG: Materia. When you condense Mako energy, materia is produced. It’s very rare to be able to see materia in its natural state. (...)...the knowledge and wisdom of the Ancients is held in the Materia.

PROUD CLOD

During intermission Yuffie can see the Proud Clod still under construction stored in Shinra underground. Moreover, the Pride and Joy Prototype (in Japanese: Proud Clad Unit Zero) is a boss that can be fought in Shinra battle simulator.

MIND READER

During the second bombing mission Tifa jokingly asks Cloud if he could read her mind. This is a hint to Jenova’s ability to read minds.

7R:  I swear, your timing was perfect. It's almost like...you could read my mind. SOLDIERs can't do that, can they?

OG: Inside of you, Jenova has merged with Tifa’s memories, creating you.

CHILDHOOD MEMORIES

In the Remake Cloud "remembers” two episodes of his childhood in Nibelheim, scenes that originally were included in the Lifestream sequence in Mideel.

BURNING TOWN

During the first vision of Sephiroth in Chapter 2, Cloud re-experiences the distruction of NIbelheim. This info wasn’t revealed in the OG until the flashback in Kalm.

TEST SUBJECT

When Cloud, Barret and Tifa discover the secret underground lab with specimen detained in mako tanks, Cloud starts remembering his captivity in the basement of Shinra Mansion. This was originally revealed only in the optional cutscene in the basement of the Mansion, after the Lifestream sequence.

MAKO POISONING

Mako poisoning is an element that in the OG was explained just in Mideel, while in the Remake Jessie’s father suffers of the same condition. A sector 7 NPC also witnesses one of Cloud’s Jenova headaches and suggests he may be Mako poisonesd (before the whispers intervene).

7R: [Chapter 3] What the—You okay, buddy? Mako junkie, huh? Figures...

[Chapter 4] Jessie's got a theory about it. Thinks her dad's spirit is stuck now—between his body and the heart of the planet.

OG: He probably has no idea who or where he is now... Poor fellow, his voice doesn’t even work. He is literally miles away from us. Some place far away where no one’s ever been... All alone...

UNCOMFORTABLE TRUTH

Discovering that in reality Cloud never made it in SLDIER was a pivotal plot twist of the OG. In the Remake that’s hinted more than once, until Hojo openly reveals it. 

No, not quite. Oh, now I recall. My memory was mistaken. My boy, you weren't a SOLDIER...

SEPHIROTH’S DEATH

In Chapter 2 Cloud remembers he killed Sephiroth. This is surprising as in the OG, during Kalm flashback, he told the group that he didn’t know what happened to Sephiroth after Nibelheim incident, even pointing out that, in terms of strength, he couldn’t have killed him.

AERITH’S DEATH

Cloud has some visions of Aerith’s death: after falling in her church in Chapter 8 (pics 2 and 3) and at the beginning of Chapter 9 (pics 1 and 4). Moreover he and the rest of the group have a blurred vision of her death in Chapter 18, Aerith’s refers to death in her resolution scene and Sephiroth tells him he’s unable to protect people in Chapter 2 (while seeing Aerith for the first time) and in Chapter 13 (after she’s been kidnapped). 

METEOR

Cloud, and the others have visions of Meteor and the storm that destroyed Midgar at the end of the OG in Chapters 16 and 18. 

happy ffviir 1 year anniversary! 🎉🎊🎈 do you have a moment or detail from the remake that's still your favorite even a year later?

Hi Hartofhearts!

Happy first year anniversary to you too!

Well there are MANY moments I really love about this first part of the Remake, but if I have to choose just one, I definitely take this scene, and all that follows it until the end. 

This is by far the most unexpected and most welcomed change of the Remake and it still gives me goose bumps! I can’t wait to see where this will lead, I really hope he could be reunited with Aerith this time...!

What about you??

#no one can resist the puppy

Thank you for the tag!

Now I’m even more convinced that they were meant to be a pair. 

Before writing the post I checked a list of OG accessories to see if there was anything similar to the “Crescent Moon Charm”. I noticed the “Earrings” and the small moons inside them, however I didn’t mention them in my post because I’m convinced they have nothing to do with the “Charm”.

“Earrings” recur in other FF entries and they are always used to increase Magic. In the specific case of the original FFVII, the stat is MAGIC +10.

The “Earrings” accessories in FFVII Remake have the same use: “Earrings” boost Magic by 5%, “Platinum Earrings” by 10%. The design changed a little but they still include the shape of a moon and the curled metal pattern. 

The “Crescent Moon Charm” has a totally different use, it reduces damage taken when equipped by non-active characters. It has nothing to do with magic. And there was no other accessory in the OG with similar use. 

The charm was created after Tifa’s earring of the OG, with a new use and, yes, probably it was meant to play a role in the scene between Tifa and Marle. I really hope said deleted scene will be in the Intergrade. From the trailer it seems it’s going to fill that annoying hole between the scene where Tifa and Barret escape from the Reactor and the one where Tifa goes to Wall Market.

Naysayers should understand that coincidences don’t exist in fiction. Fiction tries to recreate reality, but it’s NOT reality. If something in fiction seems to be an odd coincidence then it’s not a coincidence at all. 

If designers spent time and energies to create a brand new charm, make it identical to Tifa’s earring, describe it in a way that refers to the concept of love and relate it with the idea of protection - that’s the leading theme of Cloud and Tifa’s arc - IT’S NOT CASUAL. 

It’s such a nice and meaningful detail!

It’s not a coincidence, they’re definitely from the same pair

(the Crescent Moon Charm earrings, that is)

It’s not new to #clotination that the Crescent Moon Charm from FFVIIR is the same as the earring from Tifa’s mature dress and her OG dress, and they’re likely from the same pair because it’s just too perfect to be a coincidence. See: this Tweet, this recent, highly-recommended Tumblr post by @skystarsflowers , and this shameless self-promotion reblog from last year with the OG concept art.

I’ve seen some naysayers try to wave it away by saying that because there are three Crescent Moon Charms in the game (Marle’s gift, Tifa’s outfit, and the Whack a Box prize), “it’s not like it’s meant to be an earring or something, it’s probably just a normal in-world item and it’s just a coincidence that Tifa decided to wear it as an earring.” Weak, I know.

However, the side by side comparison of the inventory image vs. Tifa’s earring helped me notice something: they are absolutely earrings and they absolutely make a perfect pair.

(Source: the aforementioned Tweet)

Continua a leggere

New headcanon unlocked

Sephiroth is constantly like nonstop scattering feathers in remake/rebirth even when his wing isn't out so either some other part of him is also feathered or he like collects all the ones he molts and tosses them like confetti whenever he wants to make an entrance

Welcome 🎉

I've been thinking about Sephiroth's having a tendency in Ever Crisis First Soldier to put his hand on his chest and that it seems to have made it into Rebirth as something he does.

The revelation that he used to wear a locket with his mothers picture there really does change the gesture meaning. I think he's reaching for for that. The idea he's still reaching for her roughly a decade after losing the locket really breaks my heart.