Risks In Construction Projects: Empire State Building

Real Estate Development in Saudi Arabia: A Thriving Sector

Saudi Arabia has been witnessing a remarkable boom in its real estate sector in recent years. The government's efforts to diversify the economy and attract foreign investments have played a significant role in the rapid development of the industry. With a growing population, increasing urbanization, and a strong demand for housing, the real estate market in Saudi Arabia has become one of the most lucrative sectors for investors.

The Kingdom has implemented various initiatives and reforms to stimulate the real estate market. Vision 2030, a comprehensive plan to transform the Saudi economy, has placed a strong emphasis on developing the housing sector to meet the needs of the growing population. The plan aims to increase the rate of homeownership to 70% by 2030, which has led to a surge in construction activities and infrastructure development.

One of the key drivers of the real estate sector in Saudi Arabia is the increasing foreign investment. The government has introduced several policies to attract foreign investors, such as allowing full ownership of real estate properties in certain areas and offering incentives and tax breaks. This has resulted in a significant influx of foreign capital into the market, leading to the development of mega projects and luxurious residential communities.

Furthermore, the government has also focused on developing affordable housing solutions to cater to the needs of low-income individuals and families. Initiatives like the Sakani program have been launched to provide affordable housing units and financial support to eligible citizens. This has not only addressed the housing shortage but has also created employment opportunities and boosted the economy.

The real estate development in Saudi Arabia is not limited to residential properties. The commercial and retail sectors have also witnessed significant growth, with the construction of modern office spaces, shopping malls, and entertainment centers. The Kingdom's ambitious plans to develop tourism and entertainment sectors have further fueled the demand for commercial properties.

In conclusion, the real estate sector in Saudi Arabia is experiencing a period of rapid growth and development. The government's initiatives, foreign investments, and the focus on affordable housing have contributed to the flourishing market. With the continuous efforts to diversify the economy and attract more investments, the real estate sector is poised to play a crucial role in the Kingdom's economic transformation.

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How do we eliminate a company's operating expenses?

Eliminating a company's operating expenses entirely is typically not feasible, as these expenses are necessary for the day-to-day functioning of the business. However, you can significantly reduce operating expenses through various strategies. Here are some approaches:

1. Automate Processes

2. Outsource Non-Core Activities

3. Negotiate with Suppliers

4. Reduce Office Space

5. Energy Efficiency

6. Review and Cut Subscriptions

7. Optimize Inventory Management

8. Improve Employee Productivity

9. Outsource Non-Essential Roles

10. Renegotiate Debt and Leases

11. Utilize Freelancers and Part-Time Workers

12. Implement Cost-Effective Marketing

13. Streamline Operations

While eliminating operating expenses entirely is impractical, these strategies can significantly reduce them, improving overall efficiency and profitability.

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Archiving and Compressing files with GNU Tar and GNU Zip

Tar Command TAR is a software application that allows you to "archive," or group several files into one. Gzip, on the other hand, is a programme for compression and decompression. To conserve disc space, we employ file compression techniques. This report provides a summary of how tar and gzip are used:

The complexity of TAR comes from a variety of settings and options that can be used to build and work with archives, not from its basic structure.

We have a tar file called latest-archive.tar, for instance. To extract the contents of the tar file into the currently active working directory, use the command provided below.

[root@Microhost ~]# tar -xf latest.tar

To produce an archive (wordpress.tar.gz) file containing every file in the WordPress directory, run the command below:

[root@Microhost ~]# tar -c wordpress > wordpress.tar.gz

By default, tar sends the contents of archive files to the standard output, where you can utilise them to go on processing the archive you just produced. To avoid default output, choose the -f option. The command that comes after the preceding command is identical:

Read The Full article: Archiving and Compressing files with GNU Tar and GNU Zip

FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPANY CULTURE — BEHAVIORS ASSOCIATED

Everyone wants to improve their company culture. Culture has become the ultimate buzzword these days. Leaders also seem to talk about it all the time. Let’s look past the buzz and grasp the roots of organizational culture. If we want to influence our company culture, we have to start with a keen understanding of what culture actually is.

What Is Company Culture?

Culture is the thing we cannot necessarily touch and feel — it is the invisible binds and unspoken rules that enforce “how people do things around here.” However, this definition can be insufficient at times. “The way we do things” feels awfully vague and amorphous, especially when it comes to thinking about how to intentionally create a company culture we’re proud of. As a result, our attempts to influence culture get muddled. We conflate culture with surface-level relics, confusing culture with “Things To Make People Feel Good.” - ping pong tables, happy hours and free lunches. Sure, those are part of “the way we do things” — but it doesn’t explain why we are doing those things. Culture includes that why.

Measuring Company Culture

We can’t. And we don’t want to. Culture isn’t meant to be measured. Why? Because culture, technically defined, is the artefacts, espoused values and beliefs, and basic underlying assumptions that people have. And that can’t be measured quantitatively. Measuring/ quantifying it may erode the point of culture. Culture is an organization’s compass for behaviour. It’s what people use to decide what actions are acceptable, and what are not. For example, at some places it may guide people to publicly report a mistake. At other places, it nudges people to brush a similar mistake under the rug.

Measuring culture is like saying we want to measure a compass. We can pick it up and say, “Hmm, let me rate the shininess of this compass, or weigh how heavy it is.” But, really, what we care about is if the compass points us to where we want to go. Measuring the compass itself doesn’t do you much good. Because if we don’t see culture as a lever that influences what we are trying to accomplish as a team, and instead as the thing itself we are trying to maintain, we lose sight of culture’s power in the first place: Culture helps a group of people get what they want done, done.

As a result, what we can measure are the outputs of culture. The observable behaviors and indicators we see as the consequences of our culture. Possibly the most important output to gauge is progress. Studies show how progress, more than anything, influences employee motivation. This means defining what “progress” looks like on a day-to-day basis. Is it the speed by which things are happening? Is it the quality of the work being produced? Is it the number of people we are helping because our work product exists? It could also mean asking questions like how helpful managers are in supporting people to make progress, or how frequently they encounter frustrating obstacles in a given week. Therefore: If we want to measure culture, we need to start with clearly defining what the outputs of a successful, healthy culture looks like in our context. 

Levels of culture

Why this matters

More often than not, there is a misalignment between the invisible and visible layers. The things we actually believe, versus the things we say we believe and the things we do to show it.

A Sample Case Study: Perhaps the most glaring case has been Uber. A company that no doubt had visible signs as “proof” that they valued their employees — lavish office parties and state-of-the-art offices. A company that had 14 cultural values it touted, including that employees should “be themselves.” And yet the basic underlying assumption persisted: Win at all costs, by any means necessary. We saw this in countless of examples of questionable ethics and sexual harassment issues ignored. At its core, Uber’s culture was rooted in this aggressive, toxic mindset — and that manifested in how they treated their people, regardless of what superficial artifacts or espoused values they trumpeted.

If we are looking to truly shift our company’s culture, we have to zoom in on this bottom most layer: our basic underlying assumptions. What we truly believe — not always what we say or outwardly show — is what drives the company’s culture.  Changing the company culture is not about just changing the visible signs. Getting beer taps installed in the kitchens doesn’t make the culture more friendly. Nor does building an onsite gym mean the culture all of sudden cares about employees’ health and well-being. Changing the company culture also is not about just changing the espoused values and beliefs. Saying at all-company meetings, “We believe in honesty and transparency” or writing “We believe in diversity and inclusion” on a website doesn’t automatically make those things true.

Changing company culture is about tapping into the core beliefs of each individual, understanding what their basic underlying assumptions are, and creating an environment where those can be listened to, brought together, and reacted to. If we can understand company culture, we can improve it.

Classification of Culture Types: The Schneider Model

The Schneider cultural model isn’t a new approach but it is relevant today. William Schneider describes culture as the answer of “How we do things around here to succeed?” No one culture type is better than another. They only have strengths and weaknesses. Depending on the type and nature of work, different types of culture may be a better fit. Companies typically have a dominant culture with aspects from other cultures. Different departments or groups may have different cultures. (e.g. development vs. operations), and these differences can lead to conflict.

Four Main Types of Culture

The Schneider Model identifies the primary, underlying culture which shapes the organisation. There are 4 main types: - Control - Cultivation - Collaboration – Competence

Control cultures (COMPANY/REALITY oriented) are process-driven; the company’s success depends on data, processes, etc. Many energy, aviation and defence companies have control cultures. Control cultures prize objectivity. Emotions, subjectivity, and ‘soft’ concepts take everyone’s eye off the ball and potentially get the organization in trouble. Empiricism and the systematic examination of externally generated facts are highly valued. Control cultures want no competition – they want to be the only players in town. Control cultures are command-and-control/ hierarchical- Leaders manage the work. Examples: The military, Police, Exxon. 

Collaboration cultures (PEOPLE/REALITY oriented) – people work together towards a shared goal. The Collaboration culture springs from the household. Relationships are key to getting things accomplished. Google is an example, though it also has cultivation culture elements. The way to success is to put a collection of people together, to build these people into a team, to create their positive touching relationship with one another and to trust them with fully applying one another as resources. Status and rank take a back seat.

Cultivation Cultures (PEOPLE/POSSIBILITY oriented) are often cantered around a greater mission. Cultivation Culture is about learning and growing with a sense of purpose. Examples include religious organizations, non-profits, social impact organizations. Leaders remove obstacles that impede attaining the company’s mission. Example – Zappos.

Competence Cultures (COMPANY/POSSIBILITY oriented) are innovative (possibility) and utilize the best talent to bring ideas to bear. Examples: Deloitte, Apple. In a competence culture, being superior or the best is chief. This can mean having the best product, service, process or technology in the marketplace. This culture gains its uniqueness by combining possibility with rationalism. What might be and the logic for getting there are what count.

Fundamental values are knowledge and information. Formalities and emotional considerations are not important compared to proven accomplishment.

What are cutting-edge technologies used in the real estate industry?

1. Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR): VR/AR technologies enable immersive property tours, allowing potential buyers or tenants to explore properties remotely. These technologies provide a realistic sense of space and layout, saving time and resources for both buyers and sellers.

2. Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI is being used in real estate for various purposes, such as chatbots for customer service, predictive analytics for property valuation, and data analysis for market trends. AI-powered algorithms can help automate repetitive tasks and provide valuable insights for decision-making.

3. Internet of Things (IoT): IoT devices and sensors are increasingly prevalent in smart homes and buildings. These devices collect and transmit data, allowing for better energy management, security monitoring, and improved occupant comfort. IoT technology is transforming the concept of smart buildings and enhancing overall efficiency.

4. Blockchain: Blockchain technology offers transparency, security, and efficiency in real estate transactions. Smart contracts powered by blockchain enable secure and decentralized real estate transactions, eliminating the need for intermediaries and reducing fraud risks.

5. Big Data Analytics: With the abundance of data available in the real estate industry, big data analytics helps analyze market trends, conduct market research, and identify investment opportunities. Data-driven insights enable real estate professionals to make informed decisions and optimize portfolio performance.

6. Drones: Drones have revolutionized property inspections, allowing for aerial imaging, surveying, and 3D mapping. Drones provide faster and more accurate data collection, reducing time and costs associated with traditional methods.

7. 3D Printing: While still in its nascent stages for real estate, 3D printing has the potential to disrupt the construction industry. It allows for faster and more cost-effective construction of building components and prototypes, reducing waste and improving sustainability.

8. Cloud Computing: Cloud computing enables real-time collaboration, document sharing, and remote access to property information.

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«Liberal feminism envisions that equality of the sexes can be achieved by equal participation in global capitalism. This bypasses any critique of the structures inherent to a global free market system and its effects on women. A critical, or more radical, approach means interrogating patriarchy and the global institutions that sustain it. The liberal vision seeks only to make patriarchy more equitable by branding it as ‘choice’. This is not so much feminism as it is a westernised corporate strategy. ‘Choice’ is only relevant if you are a wealthy and powerful enough consumer; this is rarely applicable to marginalised women.

The proliferation of technology has resulted in the flourishing of pornographic culture and the male entitlement and misogyny it breeds. Simultaneously, globalised consumer culture is at an all time high. In essence, sexist male entitlement has gone global.

From early liberal feminist campaigns such as the pro-pornography movement, to the recent global ‘SlutWalk’ campaign, there is a move to rebrand sexual objectification as feminist. Some liberal feminist scholars argue this is diversification or ‘sex positivity’. However, more critical feminists see this as an ill-fated partnership with the capitalist exploitation of women.

While liberal feminism is not a corporate movement per se, on a theoretical level it relies on the same problematic assumptions based upon conventional economics and classical liberalism.

On an analytical level, liberal feminism avoids structural or critical analysis of power. It often discusses power as an individual negotiation rather than a structural, contextual reality. While this may help some women to feel ‘empowered’ on an individual level, it only makes invisible the broader systemic forces that undergird oppression.

On a practical level, liberal feminism evades empirical data on the realities of women’s oppression under globalised capitalism. For instance, high levels of sexual violence and sex trafficking are largely dismissed by liberal feminism. Rather than these trends being interrogated as urgent symptoms of growing global male supremacy, they are increasingly replaced with discussions on ‘whorephobia’, or the need to support ‘underage sex work’.

Feminism is at a crossroad. It can either fight to liberate women from growing male entitlement and the institutions that underpin it, or it can work to make patriarchy more acceptable by selling it as our ‘choice’.»

Business as usual, rebranded as ethics: the whitewashing of systemic injustice by Laura McNally

💡 Return on investment (ROI) is a financial metric used directly measure the amount of return or monetary gain on a particular investment put into business, real state or buy and sell. 

This video explains the formula on how calculate ROI or Return on investment. Also, I will give a sample scenario on how to compute the Return on investment (ROI) percentage for a sewing and clothing business.

Challenges of Commercial Real Estate Development

While commercial real estate development offers substantial rewards, it also comes with its share of challenges:

Market Risk: The demand for commercial properties is influenced by economic cycles and market conditions. Developers must carefully assess these factors to minimize risk.

Zoning and Regulations: Commercial development is subject to various zoning regulations, building codes, and environmental requirements. Navigating these regulations can be complex and time-consuming.

Financing: Securing financing for commercial projects can be a daunting task, as these developments often require substantial capital. Lenders may be cautious due to market volatility.

Tenant Attraction and Retention: Finding and retaining tenants can be competitive. Developers must create spaces that meet the needs and preferences of businesses and adapt to evolving market demands.

Sustainability: There is a growing emphasis on sustainability in commercial real estate development. Developers must consider eco-friendly design and construction practices to meet environmental standards.

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How to use TOPSIS method for making decisions

- Define the Decision Problem: Clearly define the decision problem and identify the criteria that will be used to evaluate the alternatives.

- Identify Alternatives: List the alternatives that you want to evaluate in the decision-making process.

- Assign Weights to Criteria: Assign weights to each criterion based on their relative importance in the decision-making process. Ensure that the weights sum up to

- Collect Data and Construct Decision Matrix: Collect data for each alternative with respect to each criterion. Construct a decision matrix where rows represent alternatives, and columns represent criteria.

- Normalize the Decision Matrix: Normalize the decision matrix by dividing each element by the square root of the sum of the squares of the elements in the corresponding column.

- Weight the Normalized Decision Matrix: Multiply each element in the normalized decision matrix by its corresponding weight to get the weighted normalized decision matrix.

- Determine the Ideal and Anti-Ideal Solutions: Identify the ideal and anti-ideal solutions for each criterion. For benefit criteria, the ideal solution is the maximum value, and the anti-ideal solution is the minimum value. For cost criteria, it's the opposite.

- Calculate Separation Measures: Calculate the Euclidean distance between each alternative and both the ideal and anti-ideal solutions. This results in two separation measures: one from the ideal solution and one from the anti-ideal solution.

- Calculate Relative Closeness: Determine the relative closeness for each alternative by calculating the ratio of the separation from the anti-ideal solution to the sum of the separations from both the ideal and anti-ideal solutions.

- Rank the Alternatives: Rank the alternatives based on their relative closeness values. The alternative with the highest relative closeness is considered the most preferred.

- Make the Decision: The alternative with the highest rank is the recommended choice.

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State of the Gulf Real Estate Industry in 2023

As of 2023, the Gulf real estate industry is marked by several key developments in major nations:

United Arab Emirates (UAE): Dubai and Abu Dhabi remain focal points for real estate development, with luxurious residential and commercial projects. The hosting of Expo 2020 in Dubai has also boosted the city's real estate market.

Saudi Arabia: The Kingdom continues to make significant strides in real estate, driven by its Vision 2030 initiative. Mega-projects such as Neom and the Red Sea Development are reshaping the real estate landscape.

Qatar: Preparations for the FIFA World Cup 2022 have driven substantial infrastructure and real estate development, with a focus on sustainability.

Bahrain: The Kingdom is promoting sustainable urban planning, making strides in real estate growth, particularly in its capital, Manama.

Oman: Oman is actively working to attract foreign investors, revitalize its real estate sector, and diversify its economy.

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#خالدالبشري