A Quiet Night In Joshua Tree By Wayne Pinkston Via Flickr: Joshua Tree National Park In Southern California,

Sunset Arch Panorama, Escalante by Wayne Pinkston Via Flickr: This is a panorama of Sunset Arch in the Escalante National Monument, Utah. This was taken in a workshop with Royce Bair (his workshops and ebook are highly recommended). This is a combination of 12 vertical images, taken with a Canon 6D Camera, and a Nikon 14-24 mm lens at 14 mm, f 2.8, 20 sec., and ISO 8000. The arch is about a 20-30 minute hike from the parking lot, and is less visited than many of the well known arches in Utah. It's petty much in the middle of nowhere, off the beaten path. Our group settled in for the night and we were blessed with great weather. Escalante is one of the least light polluted areas I have seen in the USA. This makes for excellent detail in the sky. The faint light pollution on the horizon is from Paige, Arizona or Lake Powell, many miles distant. Doesn't the Arch look like a sleeping dragon? Thanks for looking. Hope you enjoy! 

The Milky Way over the Coral Sea by Wayne Pinkston Via Flickr: This image was taken along the NE coast of Australia, between Cairs and Port Douglas, along the area known as the Coral Sea. This is the area of the Great Barrier Reef. We had planned a vacation with some friends, and the conditions did not to look favorable for any night photography, so I almost did not take my tripod. I happened to notice that this area was remarkably dark on the Dark Sky Finder App, and there would be a few hours of darkness after Moonset in the early a.m. on 2 nights we were there, so I took the tripod along and I was glad I did. After the moon set the Milky Way and stars were as beautiful as I had ever seen them, with the structure of the Milky Way and gas clouds clearly visible to the naked eye. It was a great experience to be there just to see the sky. The light pollution in the distance is a resort and the town of Cairns. This is a panorama of approximately 210 degrees. This is a combination of 15 vertical images, taken with a Canon 6D camera, and a Canon 16-35 mm lens, at f 2.8, 16 mm, 20 sec exposures, and ISO 12,800. Combining images in a panorama remarkably decreases noise. The Milky Way arches high overhead in the Southern Hemisphere, so you need a lot of vertical coverage to include it all, especially later in the night. The moon had just set so the was a little ambient light still remaining when I took this series. Hope you enjoy! 

Thoughts about Contrast

My background is the profession of Radiology. The making of radiographs, Magnetic Resonance scans (MRI), CAT scans, Ultrasounds, etc. share a great deal with the technology of digital photographs. All are digital images, and the issues of getting quality images and good signal to noise is very similar. More signal is good, more noise is bad. More sharpness is good. Sharpness is primarily due to spacial resolution and contrast resolution.  There is one area where the emphasis is different. In MRI scanning and CT scanning we emphasize two things to make good images, spacial resolution and contrast resolution (in radiology we commonly say soft tissue resolution). Both combine to create the perception of sharpness. The spacial resolution is important in Radiology, as long as you have enough, but the size of the pixels is vastly different. For years in CT scanning and MRI scanning we used a matrix of 512 X 512 pixels, as that was all the machine were capable of. It finally advanced to 1024 X 1024 pixels and is slowly moving upwards. This gives a ONE Megapixel image!!! It is less spacial resolution than the earliest Digital Cameras!  

So how could you see or diagnose anything at such low resolutions? Well, it turns out that contrast resolution, or the ability to get contrast differences between normal and abnormal tissues was at least as important, if not more important than spacial resolution. For years most of the research went into getting better soft tissue differentation (contrast resolution) rather than spacial resolution. It was more important. 

In photography we talk a lot more about sharpness, and we usually mean spacial resolution. There is little talk about contrast resolution. Well, contrast resolution does matter. Some lens have significantly more contrast than others, but it is sometimes hard to even find this data. The perception is that they are sharper lens.

How does contrast matter in Nightscapes? Well, the sky at night has tremendous contrast between the dark sky and bright stars. Also, the contrast in the sky is typically increased even further in processing. This creates the Perception of great sharpness. So does the sky need sharpening in post processing? I would argue that the answer is no. Sharpening often makes the stars look “crispy” and harsh. In addition increasing the sharpness in Photoshop or other programs increases the noise in the image. This degrades the image. If anything, it is better to do some noise reduction and decrease the noise and perhaps soften the sky. 

The darker foregrounds are completely different.They usually have more noise and very low contrast (except for the illuminated areas). I typically select the foreground and do generous noise reduction here, and then use the Unsharp Mask in Photoshop to Increase Local Contrast. This is a bit different than regular sharpening. If you use a very high radius of 50-60, and a low amount of 10-20 (threshold of 0), you will increase local contrast and increase the Perception of sharpness, without increasing the perception of noise.

Cheers, Wayne

2015

Coral Sea Milky Way by Wayne Pinkston Via Flickr: This is a vertical panorama taken on the NE coast of Australia between the towns of Cairns and Port Douglas, in the region of the Great Barrier Reef. This part of the Pacific is called the Coral Sea. This is a stack of 8 horizontal image stacked vertically, each horizontal image taken with a Canon 16-35 mm lens at 16 mm, f 2.8, 30 sec, ISO 8000. So this image is pretty wide as well as "tall". From the perspective of an observer from the Northern Hemisphere, the Milky Way is fascinating in the Southern Hemisphere, and presents its own unique challenges. Here I am talking about the arch MW as a whole, and not just the core. First, the Milky Way arches high overhead at this time of year (April). The arch starts out lower on the horizon, but as the night progress it rapidly assumes a position high overhead. As a result the MW in the early night is a lot like the MW arch in the NH (Northern Hemisphere) in early spring, and then later in the night it is a lot like the NH MW in late summer and fall (more vertical) where it meets the horizon. Another difference is that the core of the MW is in the middle of the MW arch, and not near the horizon as we commonly see in the NH. As a result you need a really wide field of view or stacked panorama images to get good photos of the core and landscape at the same time. As a result you see a lot of panoramas of the MW taken from the SH (Southern Hemisphere). As for this image, it was taken after Moonset at around 2:30 pm. By this time the MW core was high in the sky, and I used a vertical stack to include the core. Since we did not plan the trip around night photography, I had to take the chances available, and this night I had a couple of good hours of shooting, after Moonset, but before the MW core got to high. A couple of nights later the MW was just about directly overhead before the Moon set, high enough to cause problems. When it is that high it is hard to include much landscape. This was probably as clear as mud. Hope you enjoy! Thanks in advance for taking the time to look and comment. 

Monument Valley Panorama by Wayne Pinkston Via Flickr: Panorama of The Mittens in Monument Valley at night. 12 images, 24 mm, f 1.6, 13 seconds, ISO 10,000. Monument Valley Landscape Astrophotography Workshop! There are 3 remaining spots open in the workshop I will be leading in MV June 6 to 9, 2018. Details can be found here: waynepinkstonphoto.com/Workshops If you are interested please contact me here or through my website, waynepinkstonphoto.com This is a 4 day workshop with an extra "optional" 5th day on June 10 if anyone wants to stick around and shoot nightcapes with me in the area. This day can also be used as a make-up day if needed. Three days will be scheduled shooting in Monument Valley and one day outside of Monument Valley. That day will be used to practice and learn Low Level Lighting while shooting hoodoos in the area. Landscape Astrophotography will be the focus of the workshop. There will be lectures on 3 days, and a group dinner on one day. I have also been asked frequently about guiding and workshops in the New Mexico Badlands. So here is a general question - Is anyone out there interested in attending a Landscape Astrophotography Workshop in the New Mexico Badlands May 14 - 17, 2018? There is no obligation, I'm just trying to judge interest. For more images like this please take a look at Wayne Pinkston Photography . Thanks for all the kind support! Hope you enjoy! A big thank you to the wonderful Flickr family. It's a pleasure to post here.

Landscape Arch on Flickr.

Landscape Arch Panorama in Arches National Park, Utah, USA. I have posted a similar panorama previously from the same spot that I was not satisfied with. I decided to give it another try. Hope Thanks for your patience if you have seen this before. This is a series of 9 vertical images combined in photoshop, taken with a Bower 24 mm f 1.4 lens, at f 2.0, 20 sec exposures, and ISO 6400. This arch is really large (290 feet, 88 meters wide) and a real challenge to light uniformly. There were lots of messed up shots on this one, and I never quite got the right side fully lit, but at least you can see the whole arch! Hope you enjoy!

Questions and Answers:

 Handheld Torch/Flashlight for Persons within the night photos

People have asked me a number of questions about equipment, issues, and technique in Nightscape or Landscape Astrophotography. Since many of these questions are recurring, I am going to post the questions and answers here. I’ll answer your questions to the best of my ability!

Q:   I had a question that you lightly pinged off of in one of your descriptions. A couple of your pics have a humanoid subject holding a torch aimed at the sky. You mention in one description how you had wished you had focused the light a little better. I tried using a headlamp one morning and could not see the beam at all in the sky. All you could see was an overblown white patch on the humanoid's face. How exactly do you get the beam of the torch shining at the sky to show up in the image? I was figuring we could exaggerate it with some powder in the sky, but that seemed a little silly? Or is it just a higher power torch than what my headlamp is capable of? Thanks for your time, and again, great captures.

A: Thanks for looking and writing. You have to use the right kind of light to make it work at night. To see a person holding a light or torch, it works best if you have a LED flashlight/torch, and if it is a focusing light. The last part is important. You need to get a focusing flashlight/torch. The one I used in the photo you mentioned was a focusing COAST brand light. To made it even more focused you can make a "snoot" or a black tube or cylinder to go around the end of the light. This prevents or minimizes side scatter. You can make it out of black rubbery material, black construction paper, etc. But since them I have learned of an even better focusing light, the Duracell Durabeam 1000 Ultra High Beam light. It focuses to an amazingly tight beam and really shows up well in photos. There is also a "500" lumen version. You can get it at Amazon for around $35 USD, and I have been told it is available at Costco for around $22 or so. 

I bought a focusing Coast Brand headlamp, but I would like to get one more powerful, so I do not have a really good recommendation for a headlamp to be in the photos.

What are you using as light sources? These are amazing photos.

Hi and thanks for looking. Yes, I am using light sources for many of these photos. The lights are turned down really low to match the intensity of the stars, and them the scenes are captured as a single exposure. The lights are so low that they are hard to see in person, but show up well on a 30 second exposure. I have an earlier post on Tumblr that talks about the brands of lights I use. Most are dimmable Video LED light panels with warming filters of Halogen hand held spotlights that I reflect off of nearby objects (reflected light). I describe the types of lights I use here:   

http://lightcrafter.smugmug.com/About-Nightscapes

Scroll down until you see “About Equipment”

Cheers, Wayne

Ancestral Puebloan or Anasazi Ruins in the Four Corners by Wayne Pinkston Via Flickr: This is a panorama of Ancestral Puebloan or Anasazi Ruins in the Four Corners region of SW USA. This is made from a series of single vertical images shot at 18 mm, f/2.8, 30 sec., ISO 6400. There is low level constant light on the foreground. This is not classic light painting, but more similar to modified studio lighting or "outdoor studio lighting". It consists of light panels on tripods left on the whole time, very dim, barely visible or not visible to the naked eye. This takes time to set up. The light is intended to match the intensity of starlight (it does not take much!). This different from traditional light painting where you briefly shine a brighter light on the subject or near a subject. I have encountered several photographers at night that just about had a nervous breakdown when you mentioned light painting, but then became very quiet and cooperative when they saw the lighting I set up. I think we need a different "label" for this kind of landscape lighting, different from "light painting". I have decided to personally call this Low Level Landscape Lighting, or LLLL for short. I hope some term other than light painting catches on, as it just does not describe the more recent methods of landscape lighting at night. I doubt that anyone in a studio would describe their lighting as "light painting". We just need some new language to talk about these methods more accurately. Cheers, Wayne Thanks for taking the time to look. Hope you enjoy! Big thanks to the wonderful Flickr family out there. Please join me at: Website Facebook Instagram Blog

Cedar Breaks Panorama by Wayne Pinkston Via Flickr: Website Instagram Facebook This is a panorama made of 2 sets of 13 vertical images from the Cedar Breaks National Monument in Utah. This is less well known as compared to the "Big 5" National Parks in Utah, but is a remarkably beautiful place. It resembles a huge eroded bowl or huge geode cracked open exposing innumerable red to orange hoodoos. Breathtaking! It is very close to Cedar City and Zion National Park. This is a blend of 2 panoramas, taken back to back and with the tripod unchanged in position. The sky images were taken at 18 mm, 20 sec., f 2.8 and ISO 12,800. The foreground was taken at 18 mm, ISO 3200, 300 seconds and f 2.8. The images were blended in photoshop. For anyone counting, lol, the foreground images took a little over an hour at 5 minutes apiece. Sitting around and quietly staring at the sky for an hour can be very pleasant. :-) For more images like this please take a look at my website here . Thanks for all the kind support! Hope you enjoy! A big thank you to the wonderful Flickr family. Cheers, Wayne