Scott And Mark Kelly Are Identical Twin Brothers — At Least, They Were Until Scott Spent A Year Living

Scott Kelly Spent a Year in Space, and Now He Has Different DNA Than His Identical Twin Brother
Scott Kelly Spent a Year in Space, and Now He Has Different DNA Than His Identical Twin Brother
After a year aboard the International Space Station, Scott Kelly is a different man. For starters, he may not have the same DNA as his identical twin brother anymore.

Scott and Mark Kelly are identical twin brothers — at least, they were until Scott spent a year living in space.

When Scott Kelly returned to Earth after a 340-day voyage aboard the International Space Station (ISS) two years ago, he was 2 inches taller than he’d been when he left. His body mass had decreased, his gut bacteria were completely different, and — according to preliminary findings from NASA researchers — his genetic code had changed significantly. (Interestingly, Scott Kelly has since shrunk back down to his initial prespaceflight height.)

A new NASA statement suggests the physical and mental stresses of Scott Kelly’s year in orbit may have activated hundreds of “space genes” that altered the astronaut’s immune system, bone formation, eyesight and other bodily processes. While most of these genetic changes reverted to normal following Scott Kelly’s return to Earth, about 7 percent of the astronaut’s genetic code remained altered — and it may stay that way permanently.

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