Latest Posts by linguisticinspiration - Page 7

Professor Bathsheda Babbling

Professor Bathsheda Babbling was a witch and professor of Study of Ancient Runes at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.

Professor Babbling is the only language teacher in Hogwarts.

Anciet Runes is more than only a language in the Wizardry World given its magical properties, but still...

"I mistranslated ehwaz... It means partnership, not defence; I mixed it up with eihwaz."

—Hermione Granger after her Ancient Runes O.W.L.

The Study of Ancient Runes (commonly shortened to Ancient Runes) is an elective course at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and presumably Ilvermorny School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, that can be taken by students third year and above.

It was taught by Professor Bathsheda Babbling during the 1990s at least and it is the study of runic scriptures, or Runology. Ancient Runes is a mostly theoretical subject that studies the ancient runic scripts of magic.

Linguist in the Harry Potter Universe

American Sign Language in Supernatural

Sam + ASL

 i recommend learning other alphabets if for no other reason than it’s very fun to see people replace latin alphabet letters with complete nonsense for Aesthetic

pathetic

/pəˈθɛtɪk/

From Ancient Greek πάσχω (páskhō, “to suffer”) to παθητός (pathētós, “one who has suffered, subject to suffering”) to  παθητικός  (pathētikós,  “subject to feeling, capable of feeling, impassioned”) to Latin patheticus to Middle French pathétique

arousing pity, especially through vulnerability or sadness.

miserably inadequate; of very low standard.

fucked up if true

Languages of the world

Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ)

Basic facts

Number of native speakers: 310 million

Official language: Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, (Palestine), Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tanzania (Zanzibar), Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, (Western Sahara), African Union, Arab League, Organization of Islamic Cooperation, United Nations

Recognized minority language: Brunei, Cyprus, Eritrea, Indonesia, Israel, Mali, Niger, Pakistan, Senegal, South Africa, South Sudan, Spain (Ceuta, Melilla)

Language of diaspora: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Denmark, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, Germany, Honduras, Iran, Israel, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, Sweden, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Venezuela

Script: Arabic, 28 letters

Grammatical cases: 3

Linguistic typology: fusional, SVO/VSO

Language family: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, West Semitic, Central Semitic, North Arabian

Number of dialects: 9 main groups

History

1st millennium BCE-7th century CE - Old Arabic

512 - earliest document in Arabic

7th-9th centuries - Classical Arabic

11th century - creation of the present form (Naskh) of the script

19th-20th centuries - Nahda (Arab Renaissance)

Writing system and pronunciation

These are the letters that make up the script: ي و ه ن م ل ك ق ف غ ع ظ ط ض  ص ش س ز ر ذ د خ ح ج ث ت ب ا.

Both printed and written Arabic are cursive, as most letters within a word are connected to the adjacent ones. Therefore, each letter can have four different forms depending on its position in a word.

Diacritics are used only in the Qur’an, religious texts, classical poetry, children’s books, and textbooks for learners.

Words cannot begin with a vowel, so initial vowels are always preceded by a glottal stop.

Grammar

Nouns have two genders (masculine and feminine), three numbers (singular, dual, and plural), and three cases (nominative, genitive, and accusative). They are also marked for definiteness and indefiniteness.

Arabic has a root-and-pattern morphology: a root consists of a set of consonants (usually three), which are fitted into a discontinuous pattern to form words.

Verbs are conjugated for tense, mood (indicative, imperative, subjunctive, and jussive), person, number, and gender. There are two major paradigms (past and non-past), which represent a combination of tense and aspect.

Dialects

Standard Arabic can be divided into Classical Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). The first one is the language found in the Qur’an, while MSA is used in academia, print and mass media, and legislation. The grammar described in this post is that of MSA.

Spoken Arabic can be divided into nine main dialect groups: North African Arabic, spoken in Algeria, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia; Hassaniya Arabic in Mauritania; Egyptian Arabic; Levantine Arabic, spoken in Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, and Syria; Iraqi Arabic; Gulf Arabic, spoken in Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and the UAE; Hejazi Arabic in western Saudi Arabia; Najdi Arabic in central Saudi Arabia, and Yemeni Arabic in Yemen and southwestern Saudi Arabia.

Differences between the dialects of the Middle East are small enough to enable speakers to understand each other. However, North African Arabic varies considerably from the rest of the dialects. Dialects mainly differ in phonology, grammar, and vocabulary.

Indo-european languages

Reading Middle English Texts feel like:

Transliteration

Transliteration is a type of conversion of a text from one script to another that involves swapping letters (thus trans- + liter-) in predictable ways, such as Greek ⟨α⟩ → ⟨a⟩, Cyrillic ⟨д⟩ → ⟨d⟩, Greek ⟨χ⟩ → the digraph ⟨ch⟩, Armenian ⟨ն⟩ → ⟨n⟩ or Latin ⟨æ⟩ → ⟨ae⟩.

Exemple:

Transliteration and Translation are very different things! For instance, for the Modern Greek term "Ελληνική Δημοκρατία", which is usually translated as "Hellenic Republic", the usual transliteration to Latin script is ⟨Ellēnikḗ Dēmokratía⟩.

Transliteration is not primarily concerned with representing the sounds of the original but rather with representing the characters, ideally accurately and unambiguously. Thus, in the Greek above example, ⟨λλ⟩ is transliterated ⟨ll⟩ though it is pronounced [l], ⟨Δ⟩ is transliterated ⟨D⟩ though pronounced [ð], and ⟨η⟩ is transliterated ⟨ē⟩, though it is pronounced [i] (exactly like ⟨ι⟩) and is not long.

However, I would say transliteration can also be used as a means of helping to learn the pronunciation of words in the target language, especially in non-Latin alphabets.

Transliteração

Transliteração é o processo de mapeamento de um sistema de escrita em outro. No caso da língua portuguesa, o processo de transliteração se dá quando se incluem palavras de idiomas escritos em outros alfabetos em textos em português, o qual utiliza uma versão do alfabeto latino com 26 letras e diacríticos. 

Exemplo:

A transliteração também pode ser usado como um meio de auxiliar a aprender a pronúncia correta de palavras na língua alvo, principalmente em alfabetos não latinos: