"The boy, while he was new in his godfather’s house, comported himself with the utmost circumspection and gravity. As soon as he started feeling at home, however, the gloves came back off."
Title: Memoirs of a Militia Sergeant Author: Manuel Antônio De Almeida Published: 1852 Original Title: Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias
This is the only book written by Manuel Antônio de Almeida.
The novel tells the story of a troublesome child named Leonardo, who grows into a reckless young man and a trickster, constantly finding himself in trouble. It’s a very funny story, full of twists as Leonardo tries to dodge his responsibilities. Nothing in Memoirs of a Militia Sergeant is idealized or tragic. Seriously, the ending is amazing.
Comedy
Antihero
Social mobility
Love
"On a sultry and oppressive day, the decadent city of Sao Luis Maranhao lay sprawled in the tropical heat."
Title: Mulatto Author: Aluísio Azevedo Published: 1881 Original Title: O Mulato
The book addresses racial inequality in 19th-century Brazil. It was one of the first novels to discuss miscegenation and its cultural and social effects.
Mulatto follows the story of Raimundo, a young mulatto man who seeks to rise in society. Things get complicated when he falls in love with Rosa, a white aristocratic woman. Their forbidden love faces intense social opposition, leading to a tragic conflict where race, class, and desire collide.
Racial inequality
Social class
Colonial Brazil
Title: Iracema Author: José de Alencar Published: 1865 Original Title: Iracema
The story follows the romance between Iracema, an indigenous woman, and Martim, a Portuguese colonizer. Iracema's name is an anagram of America. There is a lot of critique of colonialism in this story, as Martim represents the colonizers (the Portuguese).
Colonialism
Heritage
Cultural clash
National Identity
Title: The Alchemist Author: Paulo Coelho Published: 1988 Original Title: O Alquimista
The Alchemist follows the journey of Santiago, a shepherd from Spain who dreams of finding a hidden treasure near the Egyptian pyramids. His quest takes him to many places, where he encounters wise mentors and people who help him along the way.
Santiago learns about the importance of following his heart and pursuing his personal legend. The story is very spiritual and talks a lot about philosophy.
Destiny
Dreams
Self-discovery
Spiritual enlightenment
"Wildcat's a beautiful thing! You ever seen one? When there's a little stirrin' in the ban1boo thicket, just a tremblin' for no reason: then that's one, eh, that could be one"
Title: Jaguar and Other Stories Author: João Guimarães Rosa Published: - Original Title: -
This book is a compilation of stories by Guimarães Rosa, blending philosophical reflections and regionalism. Each story takes the readers to the backlands.
Folklore
Fate
Man and nature
"BRIEF REPORT (APPARENTLY UNCALLED FOR) OF THE CONTROVERSY THAT SPRANG UP CONCERNING THE AUTHORSHIP OF THE ANONYMOUS POEM THAT CIRCULATED FROM TAVERN TO TAVERN, IN WHICH THE POET LAMENTED THE DEATH OF V ADINHO, WITH THE TRUE IDENTITY OF THE UNKNOWN BARD, FINALLY REVEALED ON THE BASIS OF CONCRETE PROOFS"
Title: Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands Author: Jorge Amado Published: 1966 Original Title: Dona Flor e Seus Dois Maridos
Dona Flor becomes a widow after the death of her reckless and charming husband, Vadinho. Later, she remarries Dr. Teodoro, a respectable and stable man. However, things take an unexpected turn when Vadinho returns as a ghost, forcing her to navigate between her two very different husbands. The novel is a satirical and playful exploration of passion, reason, and desire.
P.S. There’s a famous movie adaptation from 1976, and it was also adapted into a novela!
Desire
Morality vs. Passion
Supernatural elements
Female Independence
"The dog wanted to sleep. She would wake up happy, in a world full of cavies, and would lick the hands of Fabiano—a Fabiano grown to enormous proportions. The boys would roll on the ground with her in an enormous yard, would wallow with her in an enormous goat pen. The world would be full of cavies, fat and huge."
Title: Barren Lives Author: Graciliano Ramos Published: 1938 Original Title: Vidas Secas
Everything about this book is pure sadness. I’ll just tell you now: it doesn’t have a happy ending. The story follows a family living in Brazil’s Northeast, struggling to survive due to the relentless drought. There are many characters (some of whom aren’t even named), but the most iconic is the dog Baleia (Whale in Portuguese), who is nothing but skin and bones.
P.S. The dog chapter is absolutely heartbreaking.
Poverty
Drought
Survival
Northeast Region
Cicle
"And she thought how diverse and varied life is, how it is richer in sadness than in happiness and how in the variety of life there are more varieties of sadness than there are of happiness and how sadness lies at the core of life."
Title: The Sad End of Policarpo Quaresma Author: Lima Barreto Published: 1915 Original Title: Triste Fim de Policarpo Quaresma
Policarpo Quaresma is a civil servant and a devoted patriot. An extremely idealistic man, he seeks to promote Brazilian culture in every way possible—advocating for Tupi as the national language and even attempting agricultural reforms (you know this is going to go wrong).
Quaresma is almost like Don Quixote—delusional and idealistic. His story is a tragedy, and Lima Barreto masterfully critiques the hypocrisy of Brazilian society, exposing its resistance to change at the beginning of the Republic.
P.S.: This book is frustrating, goddamnit.
Tragedy
Political Criticism
Cultural Identity
Nationalism and Idealism
"It is truly regrettable that in these times we do not have a Maudsley, who knew the difference between good sense and insanity, to prevent nations from committing acts of madness and crimes against humanity."
Title: Backlands: The Canudos Campaign or Rebellion in the Backlands Author: Euclides da Cunha Published: 1902 Original Title: Os Sertões
This book is a retelling of the War of Canudos (1896–1897), which took place in the state of Bahia. The writer, Euclides da Cunha, was a correspondent for the Brazilian newspaper O Estado de S. Paulo. It is considered the first livro-reportagem (reportage book) in Brazil. Mixing science and literature, the story narrates the war between the republican army and the sertanejos.
True story
Resistence
War
Brazilian backlands
"john c.: Three hundred miles, Chico? chico: Three hundred miles. I had ridden that far on my horse. All because he had been blessed. john c.: But, Chico, how did you cross the San Francisco River, that never runs dry? chico: There you go again, John, with your mania for asking questions. john c.: Of course I want to know: How did you get across? chico: I don’t know. All I know is, that’s the way it was."
Title: The Rogue’s Trial Author: Ariano Suassuna Published: 1955 Original Title: Auto da Compadecida
The Rogue's Trial is a comedic play that blends religious satire and Brazilian folklore. It follows João Grilo (Cricket) and Chicó, two men living in the Brazilian Northeast. The book is surreal and explores a range of themes, including morality, class struggles, and survival.
P.S. Satan is hilarious. Also, go watch the movie with the amazing Fernanda Montenegro.
Comedy
Faith
Redemption
Regional Identity
"In the mysterious night of the macumbas the drums resound like trumpets of war."
Title: Captains of the Sand Author: Jorge Amado Published: 1937 Original Title: Capitães da Areia
Captains of the Sand is set in the city of Salvador and follows the story of a group of orphaned boys living on the streets. They survive through petty theft and share a deep sense of brotherhood. Their leader is Pedro Bala, a boy who is protective of his gang.
The book was banned during the Brazilian military dictatorship for its portrayal of poverty and its perceived communist ideas. It was even burned in a public square in November of 1937, alongside other books (mostly from Jorge Amado).
P.S. There are many things you will not agree with in the book, and it contains an explicit rape scene.
Poverty
Injustice
Social Exclusion
Survival
Celebrating Brazilian stories through book recommendations
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